venerdì 1 agosto 2014

Una Revisión De 'Liberalismo Político' De Rawls (Rawls's 'Political Liberalism'. A Reassessment)


Martha C. Nussbaum 


University of Chicago - Law School

July 24, 2014

Revista Derecho del Estado, No. 32, 2014 

Abstract:      
Spanish Abstract: La obra Liberalismo político de John Rawls ha sido objeto de una amplia y profunda literatura filosófica, la mayoría de una excelente calidad. En este escenario es difícil decir algo nuevo sobre los tópicos más relevantes de su trabajo y salir airosa de los debates por ella suscitados. Por tanto, he decidido concentrar mi atención en algunos tópicos donde existe la posibilidad de una aproximación alternativa que pueda generar lecturas remozadas del texto de Rawls: la distinción entre doctrinas comprehensivas “razonables” e “irrazonables”; los fundamentos psicológicos del liberalismo político; y la posibilidad de que el liberalismo político pueda extenderse más allá del pequeño grupo de sociedades occidentales que Rawls identificó como su centro de atención, según se desprende de sus referencias históricas. También he incluido un excurso sobre el polémico tema de la razón pública y la civilidad que difícilmente puede ser evitado dada su relevancia en el contexto de recepción del libro. El presente escrito debe leerse no como una descripción comprehensiva del trabajo de Rawls, sino como el intento personal por atrapar, de forma imperfecta e incompleta, la esencia de estos temas, tan caros para la filosofía y tan urgentes para la humanidad.

English Abstract: Since Rawls’s Political Liberalism is by now the subject of a wide and deep philosophical literature, much of it excellent in quality, it would be foolhardy to attempt to say something about each of the major issues of the work, or to sort through debates that can easily be located elsewhere. I have therefore decided to focus on a small number of issues where there is at least some chance that a fresh approach may yield some new understanding of the text: Rawls’s distinction between “reasonable” and “unreasonable” comprehensive doctrines; the psychological underpinnings of political liberalism; and the possibility that political liberalism might be extended beyond the small group of modern Western societies that Rawls’s historical remarks suggest as its primary focus. I also include a discussion of the much-debated issue of civility and public reason, which could hardly be avoided given its prominence in the book’s reception. This paper should therefore be read not as a comprehensive account of the work but as one person’s attempt to grapple, very incompletely and imperfectly, with a book that is as great as any philosophy has seen on this topic of great human urgency.
Note: Downloadable document is in Spanish.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 29

Keywords: political liberalism, respect, reciprocity, political conception, overlapping consensus, comprehensive doctrines, duty of civility, public reason, background culture, psychology of liberalism, moral sentiments

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